Today the Mississippi State Department of Health (MSDH) reports the fourth human case of West Nile virus (WNV) for 2008. The new case is in Madison County. Previously reported cases were in Lincoln, Forrest and Madison counties. The MSDH reports both confirmed and probable cases to the public.

MSDH conducts statewide mosquito testing with its most intensive surveillance during peak mosquito reproduction time, which is usually July, August and September.

According to State Epidemiologist Dr. Mary Currier, WNV is most prevalent in mid- to late summer but can occur throughout the year.

"As Mississippi families enjoy outdoor activities this summer, especially those activities that occur at dusk, it is important that everyone take steps to protect themselves both personally and environmentally," she said.

Symptoms of WNV infection are often mild and may include fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, a rash, muscle weakness or swollen lymph nodes. In a small number of cases, infection can result in encephalitis or meningitis, which can lead to paralysis, coma and possibly death.

MSDH encourages Mississippians to take the following simple precautions to reduce their risk of contracting West Nile virus and other mosquito-borne illnesses: Remove sources of standing water Avoid mosquito-prone areas, especially between dusk and dawn when mosquito activity is highest Wear protective clothing (such as long-sleeved shirts and pants) when in mosquito-prone areas Apply a mosquito repellent according to the manufacturer's instructions To protect your your home: Drain or dump any source of standing water around the home Dispose of containers and debris which can collect or hold water Remove all leaf debris Dispose of used tires Clean rain gutters and swimming pools Change the water in bird baths weekly Use over-the-counter larvaciding products that can be purchased at home improvement stores Eliminate pools of standing, stagnant water, especially with organic debris Repair damaged or torn window and door screens that stay open Regularly clean outdoor pet food and water dishes; remove any not being used Close garbage can lids and be sure water does not collect in the bottom of the cans Check around construction sites to ensure that proper backfilling and grading prevent drainage problems

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Press Contact: Liz Sharlot, Carol Jones or Elizabeth Grey, (601) 576-7667.